Other Causes
Tinnitus, the perception of internal sounds without an external source, can be triggered by various factors. Noise exposure, such as attending loud concerts or operating heavy machinery, is a common cause. Certain medications, known as ototoxic drugs, can also affect hearing and lead to tinnitus. Earwax buildup can block external sounds, making internal noises more noticeable.
Middle ear problems, including infections, fluid buildup, or vascular tumors, can also contribute to this condition. Additionally, Meniere’s disease, a disorder affecting balance and hearing, and muscle tension or jaw issues, such as clenching or grinding teeth, can trigger or exacerbate tinnitus. These underlying causes highlight the complexity of this condition.
Medications That Can Worsen Tinnitus
Certain medications can trigger or worsen tinnitus, particularly at high doses. Common culprits include over-the-counter pain relievers like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Certain antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and erythromycin, can also contribute to tinnitus. Additionally, antimalarial drugs like chloroquine and quinine, as well as anticonvulsants like carbamazepine and valproic acid, may cause or exacerbate the condition.
Chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin and vincristine, and high-dose loop diuretics like furosemide and bumetanide, are also linked to tinnitus. Even some antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline and imipramine, can have this effect. If you’re experiencing tinnitus, it’s essential to review your medications with your doctor.