Health experts have issued a critical warning about the emergence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) in the UK, a virus transmitted through tick bites that has the potential to cause severe health complications.
Previously, this virus was more commonly found in Russia, parts of Europe, China, and Japan. However, recent findings confirm its presence in the UK, with cases emerging in locations such as Thetford Forest, the Hampshire-Dorset border, Scotland, and Yorkshire. This discovery has raised concerns about the growing risk of infection in the country.
TBE is a viral infection primarily spread through the bite of an infected tick. These parasites are commonly found in woodlands, grassy regions, gardens, and public parks. While only a small percentage of ticks in the UK carry the virus, the potential health consequences make it necessary for the public to be aware of the risks. In addition to bites, the virus can also be transmitted through the consumption of unpasteurized milk or dairy products derived from infected animals.
Many individuals who contract the virus do not exhibit any symptoms, making detection difficult. However, for those who do develop symptoms, they often begin around a week after being bitten by an infected tick. Initially, the symptoms resemble those of the flu, including fever, fatigue, headaches, muscle aches, and a general feeling of being unwell. In most cases, these symptoms resolve on their own. However, in rare instances, the virus can progress to a more severe neurological phase, leading to complications such as a stiff neck, extreme sensitivity to bright light, seizures, confusion, slurred speech, behavioral changes, and muscle weakness or even paralysis. Studies indicate that approximately 0.5% of TBE cases result in death, while around 2.5% of affected individuals experience long-term neurological damage.
Preventative measures are crucial in reducing the risk of infection. Experts advise wearing light-colored clothing when venturing into grassy or wooded areas, as it helps in detecting ticks more easily. Using insect repellent on both skin and clothing can provide an added layer of protection.